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The Moon is the most familiar object in our night sky. It floats above us, changing its shape throughout the month, and has been a source of wonder for all of human history. For a very long time, people looked up and wondered where it came from. Because the Moon is so large compared to … Read more
Quasars are much more than just bright dots; they are essentially the most energetic and active galactic nuclei—the hearts of young galaxies. The intense light we observe is created by matter spiraling into the galaxy’s central supermassive black hole. As this material is pulled in, it heats up to millions of degrees, creating a massive, … Read more
The universe is a very busy place. Far beyond our quiet solar system, massive and powerful events are happening all the time. We see distant stars explode and galaxies collide. But of all the events out there, the most powerful and energetic of all are known as gamma-ray bursts. These are the biggest explosions humans … Read more
Primordial black holes are hypothetical black holes that were formed less than one second after the Big Bang. This makes them fundamentally different from the stellar black holes we observe, which only form much later after stars have lived and died. Because they formed so early, they are not bound by the same size limits … Read more
Supermassive black holes are the most mysterious objects in the universe. They are giant, invisible engines found at the heart of nearly every large galaxy, including our own Milky Way. These objects are not just heavy; they are mind bogglingly massive, often weighing millions or even billions of times more than our Sun. Because they … Read more
A Tidal Disruption Event happens when a star gets too close to a black hole. It’s a bit like Earth’s ocean tides, but taken to the extreme. The force of gravity from the black hole is so much stronger on the side of the star facing it than on the side facing away. This difference … Read more
When we learn about our solar system, we usually learn about the eight planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. For a long time, Neptune was considered the end of the line. But our solar system is much bigger than that. Beyond the orbit of Neptune, there is a vast, cold, and … Read more
Black holes are one of the most famous and most mysterious objects in the entire universe. We hear about them in movies and science shows, often described as giant cosmic vacuum cleaners that suck up everything in their path. While that’s not perfectly accurate, the truth is just as strange. A black hole is a … Read more
Jupiter is the giant of our solar system. It is a massive planet made of swirling gas, and it is famous for one feature above all others: the Great Red Spot. This spot is a huge, spinning storm that has been raging for hundreds of years. It is like a hurricane on Earth, but it … Read more
A black hole is one of the strangest and most powerful things in the entire universe. Scientists talk about them all the time, and we even have pictures of them. But this leads to a very big question. A black hole is “black” because its gravity is so strong that it traps everything, including all … Read more